Musical Styles of the Southern Appalachians
Allen Tullos (compiler), Emory University
Abstract:
Varieties of Southern Appalachian music are
explored with sound samples, short commentaries, virtual visits, and web links.
Gateway Sections:
Musical Styles:
Visit
Clyde Davenport, old-time fiddler and banjo player of south-central
Kentucky. Davenport (born 1921) discusses his musical tradition, family
history, and plays tunes. (Website created by ethnomusicologist Jeff Titon
of Brown University includes photographs, audio recordings, and musical
transcriptions.)
http://www.stg.brown.edu/projects/davenport/CLYDE_DAVENPORT.html
"Pretty
Saro," American ballad sung by Cas Wallin. This style of unaccompanied
singing was widely familiar throughout the mountains when Cecil Sharp,
Maud Karpeles, and Olive Dame Campbell published their collection of
Anglo-Celtic songs,
English Folk Songs from the Southern Appalachians (1917).
(
RealAudio, 3:57
minutes).
http://www.amroutes.com/ram/saro.ram
Read the
lyrics
to "Pretty Saro." Recorded by Allen Tullos in Madison County, North Carolina,
1976.
East Tennessee native Dolly Parton sings, recalls her
early career, discusses genres of Appalachian music, and comments upon
musicians Johnny Cash and Bill Monroe. (
RealAudio,
8:30 minutes).
http://www.amroutes.com/ram/AR_0014DParton.ram
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Website
for Doc Watson. (born Arthel L. Watson in Deep Gap, North
Carolina [Watauga County] on March 23 , 1923) is a legendary performer
with a vast, eclectic repertory who blends traditional old time
string band and Anglo-Celtic folk music with blues, country, gospel,
bluegrass, and popular favorites. Blind from infancy, Doc has
spent his lifetime making music and is internationally respected
as a supremely gifted and accomplished guitarist. (Sources: ibiblio.org
and Southern Folklife Collection, University of North Carolina,
Chapel Hill) http://www.ibiblio.org/DocWat/
Doc
and Richard Watson. Doc Watson talks about the sounds of
his childhood and the wide variety of musical styles that he
plays. He and grandson
Richard offer examples. ( RealAudio, 7:14 min.)
http://www.amroutes.com/ram/AR_0148DWatson.ram
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Guitar maker, finger picker, and mail carrier Wayne
Henderson featured in his community of Rugby, Virginia. A visit with
Wayne's mother Sylvia, an acoustic jam session at the Todd General
Store
featuring Wayne and neighbors, including Doc Watson. (
RealAudio,
10:22 minutes).
http://www.amroutes.com/ram/AR_0216WHenderson.ram
"Coo
Coo" John Snipes. Recorded in 1974 by Cecelia Conway. (
RealAudio,
1:22 minutes).
http://www.amroutes.com/ram/snipes_coo.ram
The banjo, an African American instrument with origins
in Africa, was introduced into
the Southern Appalachians in the early to mid-nineteenth century and
became a staple of mountain dance music as well as twentieth century
styles such
as bluegrass. Snipes is an African-American performer. (Source: Black
Banjo Songsters of North Carolina and Virginia [Smithsonian Folkways
CD
40079, 1998])
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"John Henry" is among the most important and widely-known
American and African American ballads. "Tracking John Henry," writes
Richard Spotswood, "is analogous to documenting the historical Jesus.
In neither case do contemporary written records survive. In both
cases, legends arose out of oral tradition later committed to paper.
The resulting mythologies required no historical basis to sustain
them; indeed, the legends might not have flourished had they been
burdened with documentary detail. Christ the martyr became the symbol
for universal human redemption, while John Henry's martyrdom symbolized
the tension between manual labor and the industrial revolution,
from which, at least for many, there was no redemption. His steam
drill has come to symbolize worker obsolescence through every new
industrial refinement from the cotton gin to computer-driven factories."
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The ultimate " John
Henry" website devoted to the history, legend, and music of
the steel driving man. (Source: ibiblio,
Univ. of North Carolina at Chapel Hill)
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Jefferson
County Gospel Quartets. The coal, iron, and steel city of Birmingham,
Alabama, was a major center of a cappella African American gospel singing
beginning in the early 20th Century. This "Sound Portraits" audio documentary
(Link to
RealAudio
file at www.soundportraits.org, 25:17 minutes) was produced by David
Isay and features the music of Jefferson County gospel groups set in the
context of this Jim Crow-era industrial geography.
Birmingham native Emmylou
Harris sings and discusses her career, influences, country identity,
and the writing of "Red Dirt Girls." (
RealAudio, 12:13 minutes).
http://www.amroutes.com/ram/AR_0046.ram
Ralph Stanley: Born in the Clinch Mountains of southwest Virginia,
Ralph and his brother Carter began recording ballads, dance, and religious
music shortly
after World War II. In this interview with Nick Spitzer, Stanley recalls
how he learned to play banjo, how he and Carter began to perform professionally,
and comments upon traditional songs and styles. Musical examples include
"Man of Constant Sorrow," "Mattie Grove." (
RealAudio,
12:28 min.).
http://www.amroutes.com/ram/AR_0222RStanley.ram
Blue
Ridge Music Trails. A traveler's guide to live traditional
music and dance along the Blue Ridge. The music venues selected
for the Blue Ridge Music Trails have been identified by folklife
fieldworkers. Though listeners may well hear an array of musical
styles at a given event, each site includes a substantial amount
of traditional Blue Ridge music performed by musicians native
to the region. All of the events listed are on-going and are
open to the public. (http://www.blueridgemusic.org/)
Audio interviews and musical samples require RealPlayer, free
at
real.com.
Except where indicated, RealAudio sources on this page are courtesy of
American Routes
radio, hosted by Nick Spitzer from New Orleans on Public Radio International. (http://www.amroutes.com)
Gateway Sections:
Published: 15 April 2004
© 2004 Allen Tullos and
Southern
Spaces
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